Outline Of The Brain – The human brain is often referred to as the body’s “command center,” active at all times and responsible for our thoughts, feelings, and actions. It is the central organ of the human nervous system and contains about 86 billion nerve cells (neurons).[1] There is much that scientists still do not know about the brain and how it works, but in recent years several major national and international projects have been launched to to understanding the brain. However, the brain is so complex that research will continue for decades.
When most people imagine the human brain, they create an image of the brain. It makes up about 85% of the brain and is where most of the brain’s most important functions take place. The brain is divided into two hemispheres (left and right), and each hemisphere has four lobes.
Outline Of The Brain
It is the largest and most complex part of the brain. It controls executive functions, a set of cognitive processes needed to regulate behavior and achieve goals (such as time management, organizational skills, and the ability to distract attention). The frontal lobe also plays a role in logic, decision making, planning, and emotion regulation.
Cerebellum: Definition, Location, And Functions
It is responsible for processing and interpreting sound (including language) and plays a role in the formation and recovery of memories.[4]
, which is the outermost layer of the brain and where most of the actual information processing takes place in the brain. This tissue is about 2.5 mm thick and is made up of gray matter (nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers). The surface of the brain appears curved because the cortex has folds and grooves to maximize surface area relative to brain volume [6].
The brainstem is located at the base of the brain and connects the brain and spinal cord. It consists of three parts: midbrain, medulla oblongata, and pons.
A highly complex structure consisting of many neuronal clusters, pathways, and other structures. It is mainly involved in motor functions (especially eye movements) and sound and visual processing.[7]
Basal Ganglia Or Nuclei Location And Human Brain Structure Outline Diagram
, or medulla, is located in the lower part of the brainstem, where the brain and spinal cord join. It is essential for the most basic survival functions, such as heart rate, breathing, blood flow, and oxygen levels.[8]
Connects between the midbrain and medulla oblongata. Four of the 12 cranial nerves originate there, enabling a wide range of activities including tear production, chewing, blinking, balance, and facial expressions.[9]
The cerebellum is about the size of a fist and is located at the back of the head behind the brain stem. It has many functions related to movement and coordination, such as maintaining balance and posture, timing muscle actions, and learning movements that require exercise (such as playing an instrument). Researchers believe it also plays a role in thinking, including emotions and social behavior.[10]
[1] Herculano-Houzel, S. (2012, June 20). Notably, but not uncommonly, the human brain is an enlarged primate brain and the associated costs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109 (Suppl. 1). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1201895109
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