North And South Yemen Map – The Unification of Yemen (Arabic: الوحدة اليمنية Romanized: al-Wahda al-Yamaniyya) On 22 May 1990, the territory of the People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen (also known as South Yemen) was merged with the Arab Republic of Yemen (also known as North Yemen), forming the Republic of Yemen (simply Yemen). is called).
In November 1918, during the weakening of the Ottoman Empire, North Yemen became a state. Add, in South Yemen, was administered as part of British India and became an independent British colony in 1937. Much of South Yemen was a British protectorate, effectively under colonial control. In one of the many proxy conflicts of the Cold War, a rebellion broke out in South Yemi (backed and supported by the Soviet Union) led by two nationalist parties, forcing the United Kingdom to unite the region and withdraw from its former colony in 1967. .
North And South Yemen Map
After the Northern Yeom Civil War, the North established a republican government consisting of tribal representatives. He enjoyed modest oil revenues and remittances from his subjects working in the oil-rich Arab states of the Persian Gulf. Its population was estimated at 12 million in the 1980s, compared to South Yemen’s 3 million.
One Year Of Battles In The Yemeni Civil War
A society first ruled by the National Liberation Front, which later transformed into the ruling Yemi Socialist Party. South Yemen, the most openly communist country in the Middle East, received significant foreign aid and other assistance from the Soviets.
In October 1972, fighting began between the North and the South; North Yemen was supplied by Saudi Arabia and South Yemen by the Soviet Union. The fighting was short-lived and the conflict led to the Cairo Accords of October 28, 1972, which outlined a plan to unify the two countries.
Fighting broke out again in February and March 1979, with the South Yemen National Democratic Front delivering aid to rebels in the north and crossing the border.
Again, North Yemen was supported by anti-communist Saudi Arabia and Taiwan from 1979 to 1990 in the name of Saudi Arabia and secretly the Royal Saudi Air Force. This conflict was short-lived.
Yemen Control Map & Report
In the late 1980s, oil exploration near the border between the two nations – Marib Governorate in the north and Shabwa Governorate in the south – stimulated interest in developing agreements to exploit the resources there and boost the economies of both nations.
In May 1988, the two governments greatly reduced operations by Hunt Oil Company and Exxon, including agreements to resume integration discussions to create a joint oil zone within their undefined borders, now known as the Joint Investment Zone.
In November 1989, Ali Abdullah Saleh of North Yemen and Ali Salem al-Beid of South Yemen jointly adopted a draft unity constitution, originally drawn up in 1981, which included a demilitarized border and Yemis border crossing based solely on national identity cards and the capital in Sanaa.
Ali Abdullah Saleh from the north became head of state and Ali Salim al-Beid from the south became head of government. A transition period of 30 months has been fixed to complete the integration of the two political and economic systems. The Presidential Council is jointly elected by the 26-member Consultative Council of the Arab Republic of Yemen and the 17-member Presidium of the People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen. The Presidential Council appointed the Prime Minister, who formed the Cabinet. There was also a provisional United Parliament of 301 seats, consisting of 159 members from the North, 111 members from the South and 31 independent members appointed by the President of the Council.
The Future Of South Yemen And The Southern Transitional Council
A unity constitution was negotiated in May 1990 and ratified by the population in May 1991. It reaffirms Yem’s commitment to free elections, a multi-party political system, the right to own private property, equality before the law and respect for basic human rights. Parliamentary elections were held on 27 April 1993. International groups assisted in the organization of the elections and monitored the actual voting. The resulting parliament consisted of 143 General People’s Congress, 69 Yemi Socialist Party (YSP), 63 ISLA (the nation’s largest Islamist party), 6 Baathists, 3 Nasserist Unionist People’s Organization, 2 Al Haq and 15 independents. The new Parliament strongly suppressed the North. The YSP, despite winning the majority of votes in the sparsely populated south, was seen as a secondary part of the new coalition government.
Isla chief Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar became speaker of parliament. Islah was invited to the governing coalition and the Presidential Council was changed to include one Islah member.
As a new oil field came online in the southern province of Hadhramout, southerners began to feel that their land, home to most of the country’s oil reserves, had been misappropriated by North Yemen’s rulers as part of a planned conspiracy.
Finally, the newly united nation faced a political crisis when Saudi Arabia sent some 800,000 Yemeni nationals and foreign workers home following Yemen’s decision not to support coalition forces in the Gulf War. Remittances from these workers, a vital part of the economy, were cut and many Yemis were placed in refugee camps, while the government decided where to place them and how to reintegrate them into the workforce. The return of these Yemis immediately increased the nation’s population by 7%.
Deadly Al Qaeda Attack Targets Yemen’s Southern Separatists
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Clashes within the coalition led Vice President Ali Salim al-Beid into self-declared exile in early August 1993, and the overall security situation deteriorated as political rivals settled scores and tribal elements took advantage of the unrest. Haider Abu Bakr al-Attas, a former prime minister from the south, served as Yemen’s prime minister, but his government was ineffective due to political infighting. Continued negotiations between North and South leaders led to the signing of the Document of Pledge and Agreement on February 20, 1994 in Amman, Jordan. However, clashes intensified until civil war broke out in early May 1994. Significantly, in one of the institutions, the military arms of the two nations were not yet unified.
Southern leaders seceded and established the Democratic Republic of Yemen (DRY) on 21 May 1994, but the new state was not recognized by the international community. Ali Nasir Mohammed, an exiled leader in southern Yemen, is helping the military campaign against separatists.
The ad was captured on July 7, 1994. Other resistance quickly collapsed and thousands of southern leaders and military went into exile.
Fighting In South Yemen
After the civil war, Yemi Socialist Party leaders in Yem reorganized the party and elected a new Politburo in July 1994. However, the party became disillusioned and remained without its former influence. Isla held a party congress in September 1994. The General People’s Congress did the same in June 1995.
In 1994, changes to the Unity Constitution abolished the Presidential Council. President Ali Abdullah Saleh was elected by parliament on 1 October 1994 for a 5-year term. Henceforth the Constitution provides that the President shall be elected by universal suffrage from at least two candidates selected by the Legislature.
Adopting a Western-style system of governance, Yemen held its first direct presidential election in September 1999, electing President Ali Abdullah Saleh to a 5-year term in what was generally considered a free and fair election.
. Yem held his second multiparty parliamentary election in April 1997. Constitutional changes passed in the summer of 2000 extended the presidential term to two years, thus moving the next presidential election to 2006. These changes extended the term of Parliament to 6 years. Elections for these seats were shifted to 2003. On February 20, 2001, a new constitutional amendment created a bicameral legislature consisting of the Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and the House of Representatives (301 seats; elected members). popular vote). Yem is now the dominant party system with the General People’s Congress in power.
Geography Of Yemen
This gave birth to a popular movement called the South Yem Movement, which called for the return of an independent southern state.
In 2015, Yem plunged back into the civil war, this time as a pawn in a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran, which continues to this day. Yemen’s internationally recognized government and UAE-backed separatists have signed a power-sharing deal to end internal fighting [Saudi Royal Palace via Bandar Aljalud/AP]
The signing of a deal between Yemen’s internationally-backed government and a UAE-backed southern separatist group marks an important chapter in Yemen’s multi-faceted war, but analysts say it is unlikely to bring a merciful end to the conflict.
The peace deal is an attempt to end the internal strife between President Abd-Rabu Mansour Hadi and his rival, the Southern Transitional Council (STC), led by Aidarus al-Zubaidi.
Correlation Between Houthi Controlled Territory In Yemen During The Houthi Insurgency And Territorial Divide Between Pre Unified North And South Yemen [1802×2286] (source In Comments!)
Al-Zubaidi is currently the governor of Aden and is pushing for the creation of an independent state that existed before the secession and unification of southern Yemen in 1990.
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