Map Of Pipelines In United States – We use the data to understand the role of the Colonial Pipeline in the larger US pipeline network.
The fallout from the recent Colonial pipeline ransomware cyberattack is being felt across the southeastern United States. The perpetrators – a well-known ransomware group known as DarkSide – claimed that their aim was never to disrupt society:
Map Of Pipelines In United States
“Our goal is to make money, not to create problems for society.” Starting today, we’re moderating and vetting every company our partners want to encrypt to avoid social repercussions in the future.
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But one wonders if this is entirely true. After all, DarkSide is based in Russia, and the recent Russian-origin SolarWinds cyber attacks led to the compromise of several US government servers. This, along with other recent incidents, has shown that Russia has a real interest in compromising US networks, dare we say even critical infrastructure networks – like those that power much of the US.
Let’s take a closer look at America’s pipeline network. This will help to understand the role of colonial pipeline. In addition, the rise of cyberattacks on nation-states from Russia, North Korea, Iran, and China means that the United States may be at risk in the future from targeted attacks aimed at increasing social disruption. In this case, it is better to consider vulnerabilities in critical infrastructures to build resilience in case of successful cyber attacks.
I obtained the data for the major oil pipelines in the United States from the EIA website and used the GeoPandas Python package to load the shapefile. You can see the largest pipeline in dark red, which is the colonial pipeline. A closer look at the 5 largest pipelines confirms this. The second longest is the Southern Lights pipeline, which runs from the US Midwest to Alberta, Canada, and the third longest is the Plantation pipeline, which runs from Louisiana to D.C., almost identical to the Colonial pipeline, but slightly shorter.
Each line of the shapefile contains the coordinates of points in the pipeline. I represent each point as a node and connect these points through edges through which the network is built using the NetworkX Python package. Now that we have a network, we can run some classic network algorithms to figure out which nodes or pipeline segments are necessary for the overall pipeline network.
Where Are Pipelines Located? Almost Everywhere
In graph theory and network analysis, the centrality metric determines the relative importance of nodes in the overall network. I’ll use betweenness centrality, which is the amount of influence a node has over the flow of information (or in this case, the flow of oil) in the network. The betweenness centrality measure is given below:
Summarization is performed on all pairs of nodes. In our case, the centrality of interconnection should give a sense of which pipeline segments are most important for transporting oil in the wider network.
The node with the highest betweenness centrality is located right in the heart of the Colonial Pipeline in the state of South Carolina. This surprised me, as I thought the most important hub was closer to the geographic center of the US.
Both Colonial Pipeline’s length and betweenness centrality metrics make Colonial Pipeline the most important asset in the US pipeline network. The bigger concern is how an attacker would be motivated to increase social disruption, such as the act of a nation state. And what could be the consequences? We’ve already seen weeks of gas disruptions and price hikes following the Colonial pipeline ransomware attacks. What would it look like if several such pipelines were shut down? How can we build societal resilience against successful attacks?
Gas Pipeline Nord Stream 2 Links Germany To Russia, But Splits Europe
There is much we can learn from multidimensional data sources and connecting the dots between disasters to be more prepared as a society in the future. In the case of a colonial gas pipeline cyberattack: pipeline networks, oil refineries and storage sites, transportation supply chains, and mischievous gas station locations can help understand the chain of events. This understanding will make us better prepared for future cyber attacks.
In short, much needs to be done to make societies resilient to cyber attacks. But I believe the first step is to quantify the complex social vulnerability to such attacks. Unfortunately (or intentionally) – in the case of the Colonial Pipeline incident, the data clearly shows that the attack shut down the most important pipeline in the entire US pipeline network, resulting in gas shortages that were felt for several weeks.
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The following table lists the pipelines of the United States as shown on a map. The following is a map that you can click on to see a larger version. The pipeline routes on the map are marked with codes, which are explained in the table. Pipeline label codes are color coded
Protecting Our Critical Infrastructure
For products such as gasoline, propane and ethylene. The diameter, length and capacity of the pipeline, if known, are shown in the table. Follow these links for current United States economic data, including production, consumption, imports and exports of oil and natural gas, as well as more detailed statistics from the US Census. For historical data follow this link and on this page click on the year and then on the country name.
NOTE: The information on United States pipelines on this page is republished from various sources. No claims are made as to the accuracy of the United States pipelines listed here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors related to United States Pipelines should be directed to the web site administrator.
Bookmark this page (add it to your favorites) – If you would like to link to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL below. Pipelines like the one in Massachusetts cross the United States. A new study finds that their highest concentrations are in communities considered vulnerable.
Ryan Emanuel remembers when he first learned the company planned to run the Atlantic Coast Pipeline through a part of North Carolina where many members of his Lumbee tribe live.
Major U.s. Pipelines Carrying Jet Fuel
The area was already dotted with fossil fuel infrastructure such as compressor stations and other large pipelines. Why, he wondered, is more construction going on in that area? How could this be fair or safe for the region’s 30,000 indigenous people?
Emanuel, a geographer at North Carolina State University, has spent years trying to help the Lumbee tribe and others be heard in the debate over where the pipelines should go on the Atlantic coast. At the same time, he has closely followed other pipeline disputes unfolding across the country: Keystone XL, Dakota Access, Enbridge Line 3—all run through land near indigenous communities or culturally significant areas. Other parts of the Atlantic Coast Pipeline are also expected to pass through historically black freed communities in Virginia.
“It seemed strange that these projects always happened in marginalized communities,” he says. “We saw these differences in these particular projects and then we started thinking, how widespread was this?”
Now, he and his colleagues have found that across the U.S., the 320,000 miles of natural gas mains that cross the country are disproportionately concentrated in counties that the CDC rates as particularly vulnerable based on the county-level Social Vulnerability Index, a measure of how resilient a community can be. a big disaster.
State Of Pipelines
Today, there are more than two million miles of natural gas pipelines across the United States. Of those, about 320,000 miles are “gatherer” or “transmission” pipelines — lines used to transport gas from its origin to processing sites and beyond. They are often high-pressure and larger than the distribution lines that carry gas to homes and businesses; as a result, they pose greater risks, from leaking noxious fumes to explosions. Between 2001 and 2020, the Department of Transportation recorded 36 pipeline-related deaths and 164 injuries and more than $2.5 billion in accident-related costs.
The research team, which published its results in GeoHealth in May, calculated how densely these pipelines were distributed within an area, either sparsely — like a single strand of a spider’s web that’s easy to avoid — or a densely woven web that’s impossible to escape. .
They then compared pipeline density to a county-level measure of social vulnerability, an analysis the CDC does using census data that assesses how resilient a community can be to man-made or natural disasters. The index takes into account race and socioeconomic status, whether the household has very old or very young people, type of residence and how many people live there, English language proficiency, and more.
The team found that the most affected counties, on average, had about two-thirds the pipeline density of the least, where there were about 12.1 miles of pipeline for every 100 square miles. But counties in the top one percent of most vulnerable counties were at home
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