7 Continents And Five Oceans – Animated, color-coded map with different continents. Depending on the belief and model, some continents can be merged or divided.
A continent is one of several large land masses. Generally identified with confidence rather than strict criteria, up to six geographic regions are often considered content. From largest to smallest, these search regions are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Australia.
7 Continents And Five Oceans
Variations with lesser contents may combine some of these, for example the Americas, Eurasia or Afro-Eurasia are sometimes treated as individual contents, bringing the total up to four. Zealandia, a large submerged mass of continental crust, has also been described as a continent.
Ocean Basins And Continents
Oceanic islands are often grouped together with a nearby continent to divide all of the world’s landmasses into geographic regions. Under this scheme, most of the island countries and territories of the Pacific Ocean are grouped together with the Australian continent to form a geographic region called Oceania.
In geology, a continent is defined as “one of the largest land masses on Earth, including both dry land and continental shelves.”
Geological continents correspond to six major regions of continental crust on tectonic plates, but exclude smaller continental fragments such as Madagascar, commonly known as microcontinents. Continental crust is known to exist only on Earth.
The idea of continental drift gained acceptance in the 20th century. It assumes that the shortest continents were formed by the breakup of Pangea, a supercontinent that formed hundreds of millions of years ago.
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By definition, continents are “understood as large, continuous, discrete land masses, ideally separated by bodies of water”.
In modern systems with five or more recognized contents, at least one pair of contents is somehow connected by land. The “large” criterion leads to an arbitrary classification: Greenland, with a land area of 2,166,086 square kilometers (836,330 sq mi), is considered only the largest island in the world, while Australia, at 7,617,930 square kilometers (2,941,300 sq mi), is considered the smallest.
All of Earth’s large landmasses have contiguous shorelines in the world’s oceans, which are divided into a number of major oceanic components by content and various geographic criteria.
Land or mainland, including all land boundaries that border coastlines and continents. In this section, continental Europe (sometimes referred to as “the continent” in Britain) is used to refer to mainland Europe, excluding islands such as Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland and Malta, and the term mainland Australia. Excluding mainland Australia, New Guinea, Tasmania and other nearby islands. Similarly, the continental United States is the 48 and the District of Columbia, except for Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean, Alaska in the northwest of the continent (both separated by Canada).
The 7 Continents And 5 Oceans
From the perspective of geology or physical geography, the continental shelf can be extended beyond the continuous dry land boundary to include the adjacent shallow, submerged area (continental shelf).
From this perspective, the edge of the continental shelf is the true edge of the continent, with coastlines changing with sea level changes.
In this sse, the islands of Great Britain and Ireland form part of Europe, while Australia and the island of New Guinea together form a continent.
As a cultural construct, the concept of a continent can extend beyond the continental shelf to include oceanic islands and continental fragments. In this way, Iceland is considered part of Europe and Madagascar is considered part of Africa. Taking the concept to its extreme, some geographers have grouped the Australian continental landmass with other Pacific islands into a single “subcontinent” called Oceania. This divides the Earth’s surface into continents or sub-continents.
Continents And 5 Oceans
The criterion that each continent is a discrete land mass is generally relaxed due to historical conventions and practical usage. Of the seven most globally recognized continents, only Antarctica and Australia are completely separated from other continents by ocean. Different contents are not defined as absolutely distinct bodies, but as “more or less discrete territories”.
Africa and Asia are connected by the Isthmus of Suez and North America and South America by the Isthmus of Panama. In both cases, there is no complete separation of this land mass from water (except for the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal, which are narrow and shallow and man-made). Very narrow compared to most of the land that unites both countries.
North America and South America are treated as separate continents in the sev-continent model. However, they can also be seen as one continent known as the Americas. This position was common in the United States until World War II, and continues to be popular in some Asian models with six continents.
The single American continent model remains the most common view in France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Spain, and Latin American countries.
Oceans Of The World
The criterion of a discrete land mass is completely ignored when the continuous land mass of Eurasia is classified as two separate continents (Asia and Europe). Physiologically, Europe and the Indian subcontinent are large peninsulas of the Eurasian landmass. However, Europe is widely considered a continent with its relatively large land area of 10,180,000 square kilometers (3,930,000 sq mi), while the Indian subcontinent, with less than half that area, is considered a subcontinent. The alternative view—in geology and geography—that Eurasia is one continent results in a world view of six continents. Some see the separation of Eurasia into Asia and Europe as a remnant of Eurochristianism: “In physical, cultural and historical diversity China and India are comparable to European territories, not to one European country. […].”
However, for historical and cultural reasons, the view of Europe as a separate entity persists in various classifications.
If continents are strictly defined as discrete land masses, a body that includes all contiguous land, Africa, Asia, and Europe form a single continent, which may be called Afro-Eurasia.
Combined with the amalgamation of the Americas, this would produce a four-continent model consisting of Afro-Eurasia, the Americas, Antarctica and Australia.
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When sea levels fell during the Pleistocene Ice Age, large areas of the continental shelf were exposed as dry land, forming land bridges between Tasmania and the Australian mainland.
At that time, Australia and New Guinea were one continent, called Sahul. Similarly, Afro-Eurasia and the Americas were connected by the Bering Land Bridge. Other islands, such as Great Britain, joined their mainland mainlands. At that time there were only three discrete land masses in the world: Africa-Eurasia-America, Antarctica and Australia-New Guinea (Sahul).
Some geographers use the term Oceania to refer to a geographic region that includes many island countries and territories in the Pacific Ocean as well as the Australian continent.
For a more detailed list of populations by continental regions and subregions, see List of continents and continental subregions by population.
Seven Continents And Five Oceans
The table below shows the areas given by Cyclopedia Britannica for each continent, in accordance with the seven-continent model, including Australia, Micronesia and Polynesia as part of Oceania. It provides the contained population in 2021 estimates based on the United Nations Geographic Scheme, which includes Russia as part of Europe (i.e. including Siberia), but also Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia, Kazakhstan and all countries. Turkey as part of Asia (i.e. including Eastern Thrace).
In addition to present content, the scope and meaning of the term content includes past geological ones. Supercontinents are landmasses that comprise the world’s cratons, or continental cores, as evidenced earlier in the geologic record.
These include Vaalbara, Korland, Columbia, Rodinia, Pannotia and Pangea. Over time, these supercontinents broke up into larger landmasses that formed subcontinents.
Certain parts of continents are recognized as subcontinents, especially large peninsulas separated by geographic features from the main continental land mass. The most recognized example is the Indian subcontinent.
World Ocean Map
Other examples are the Arabian Peninsula, the Southern Cone of South America, and Alaska in North America.
In many of these cases, the “subcontinents” in question lie on different tectonic plates than the rest of the continent, providing geological justification for the terminology.
Greenland, generally considered the world’s largest island on the northeastern periphery of the North American plate, is sometimes called a subcontinent.
This is a significant departure from the more traditional view of a subcontinent, including a very large peninsula at the edge of a continent.
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While America is considered as one continent (America), it is divided into two subcontinents (North America and South America).
Some areas of the continental crust are covered so much by the ocean that they can be considered as underwater continents. Notable examples are Zealandia, which originates mainly in the ocean off New Zealand and New Caledonia.
Some islands are located on parts of the continental crust that have separated and separated from the main continental landmass. Because of their relatively small size, they are not considered money, and can be considered microcoins. Madagascar, the largest example, is usually considered an island in Africa, but its divergent evolution has led to it.
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